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Raviprasad, T. N.
- Relative Susceptibility of Cashew Stem and Root Borers (CSRB), Plocaederus Spp. and Batocera rufomaculata (De Geer) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) to Entomopathogenic Nematodes
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1 Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur 574202, Karnataka, IN
1 Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur 574202, Karnataka, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 26, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 23-28Abstract
Cashew stem and ischolar_main borers (CSRB) viz., Plocaederus ferrugenius L., Plocaederus obesus Gahan and Batocera rufomaculata De Geer are major pests of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) in all cashew growing tracts of India. The grubs of these CSRB species damage the vascular tissues by internal tunneling, thereby gradually killing the infested trees leading to decline in tree density. Studies were conducted at Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur during 2010-11 to evaluate the effectiveness of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN), Heterorhabditis indica Poinar (Rhabditida : Heterorhabditidae), Steinernema abbasi Elawad (Rhabditida : Steinernematidae) and Steinernema bicornutum Tallosi (Rhabditida : Steinernematidae) against the grubs of Plocaederus spp. and B. rufomaculata. All the three species of EPN induced mortality of Plocaederus spp. grubs in a mean duration of 14.11, 12.88 and 12.37 days respectively. The younger grubs (<45 days) of Plocaederus spp. showed equal susceptibility to all the three speices of EPN. In case of grubs of B. rufomaculata, H. indica induced mortality within a mean duration of 7.43 days, which was superior than mortality induced by S. abbasi (18.25 days) and by S. bicornutum (17.94 days). It was noticed that the body weight was strongly correlated to emergence of IJs in all the three spp. of EPN. Studies on survival of the infective juveniles (IJs) in soil and persistence of virulence indicated that all the three species of EPN could survive in soil upto 150 days.Keywords
Entomopathogenic Nematodes(EPN), Plocaederus Spp., Batocera rufomaculata, Heterorhabditis indica, Steinernema abbasi, Steinernema bicornutum, Persistence of EPN in Soil and Cashew Stem and Root Borers.Full Text
References
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- Occurrence, Damage, Colour Morphism and Natural Enemies of Monolepta longitarsus Jacoby (Coleoptera: Chrysomellidae), a Defoliating Pest of Cashew
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Division of Crop Protection, Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur - 574 202, Karnataka, IN
1 Division of Crop Protection, Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur - 574 202, Karnataka, IN
Source
Indian Forester, Vol 141, No 6 (2015), Pagination: 687-692Abstract
The present study aimed at investigating the occurrence, damage pattern and natural enemies of a chrysomelid beetle Monolepta longitarsus Jacoby (Chrysomelidae: Coleoptera). Occurrence of the beetle was noticed in cashew plantations at Puttur and Shantigodu, Dakshina Kannada of Karnataka, India during 2012 and 2013. These beetles appeared immediately in large numbers after south-west monsoon showers (June) and infestation was continued on cashew, up to August. Dispersal of this pest did not follow a consistent pattern. Beetles in groups of 60-75 were capable of causing complete drying of cashew shoots within 2-3 days and thus the damage spread was fast. Four different colour morphs of beetles were noticed, in which, reddish orange colour morphs were dominant (> 60 %) throughout the observation period followed by black shouldered red and random mating was observed between all four colour morphs. A few species of reduviids and praying mantises were recorded as predators and Beauveria bassiana as entomopathogenic fungus of these beetles.Keywords
Chrysomelid Beetle, Cashew, Shoot Damage, Pruning, Colour Morphism.
- Artificial Nests Conserve Important Native Bees, Braunsapis spp. Pollinating Cashew
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Crop Protection Section, ICAR-Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur 574 202, IN
1 Crop Protection Section, ICAR-Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur 574 202, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 121, No 1 (2021), Pagination: 127-132Abstract
Native bees, Braunsapis picitarsis Cameron and Braunsapis mixta (Smith) are the common pollinators of cashew. Occupancy of both bee species was record-ed within 15 days of installation of artificial nests made in wooden blocks as well as sticks of different plant species. Increased occupancy of bees in all nest holes was seen over time. Nest hole size of 3 mm diameter was highly preferred followed by 2.5 and 3.5 mm diameter. Out of total nests occupied, 80% and 14.71% were of 3 and 2.5 mm diameter hole size respectively, in the first year. During the second and third years also, higher occupancy was recorded in 3 mm diameter holes. The nests also assisted in recording the nesting behaviour and natural enemies of these bees.Keywords
Artificial Nest, Braunsapis spp., Cashews, Dried Sticks, Wooden Blocks.Full Text
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